摘要：The changes in the society evolve the theories; the changes in the theory affect the research; and, in
return, the changes in the theory and research change the society. Pursuing this widely-accepted idea, the aim of this
paper is to examine the development of behaviorism by analyzing the historical and socio-political events. The paper
emphasizes the philosophical bases of behaviorism namely realism, materialism and reductionism, and also some
corner stones of scientific, technological, and socio-political events such as World War I and II. In addition to these,
effects of those scientific improvements and crises are investigated in relation to the development of behaviorism
and education. Behaviorism is still used in many areas of education such as military education and technology-based
education. Lastly, this paper might contribute to the literature by pointing out the rebirth of behaviorism in the near
future as a result of socio-political concerns.
关键词：behaviorism, human history, philosophical bases, education, psychology.
