The aim of this paper is to present, to analyze and to compare models in the field of industrial organization in which firms can strategically use their debt in order to influence the market structure or the degree of competition within the industry. The original feature of this particular trend in industrial organization is shown. It is essentially based on the new function of the strategic interaction instrument in association with the debt contract. An examination of the relationship between the characteristics of the production game and the debt strategic behavior constitute the purpose of this paper. First, we consider the influence of the debt on the collusive/competitive dimension of the industry or on the acquisition of a monopolistic power. Second, we examine the impact of the debt on an entry game.