出版社：European Commission Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs
摘要：Most of the EU Member States will have to adjust in the forthcoming decades to the
adverse effects of an ageing population. This is especially pressing in Finland,
where the demographic shift will take place sooner and initially also more rapidly
than in the other Member States. The population ageing challenge is multifaceted,
having repercussions on the labour market, economic growth potential and public finances.
Finland has already taken action over the past decade to prepare for the
demographic shift and provides useful lessons for other Member States. Given that -
even within an integrated EU - the setup of public services, the labour market and
the structure of the economy show large variations among countries; the appropriate
policy responses to the population ageing challenges will have to be custom designed.
The main features of the Finnish strategy to counter the effects of population
ageing have been extensive and long-lasting prefunding of future pension expenditures,
as well as actions to postpone retirement and to increase the productivity and
efficiency of ageing related services, which in the Finnish case are primarily provided
by the local governments. However, given the still large sustainability gap, additional
measures are needed. Further increases in the length of working lives and
productivity-enhancing reforms to public services would alleviate the pressures from
population ageing at both the national and the local-government levels.
