摘要：Summary. Laboratory diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is fundamental
for detecting and monitoring infection. Many diagnostic tools are available that are based on both
detection of HIV-specific antibodies and virus antigen, or nucleic acid. As technology evolves, HIV
testing assays are being improved providing better sensitivity and specificity. In this short review, we
summarize the common and new methodologies that are being used in laboratories, from the HIV
antibody-based assays to the new tests for the detection of HIV nucleic acids.
关键词：Key words: HIV, diagnosis, biological assay, laboratory techniques and procedures.
