摘要：This short communication is presenting the results of a PhD research done on ancient pottery, as part of an
interdisciplinary project to establish the diachronic study of a multi-period habitation site, Vörs, Máriaasszony-
sziget. The approach combines traditional archaeology and archaeometry. The site lies in Southwest Hungary,
near Lake Balaton, where the exceptionally favourable environmental endowments of the territory offered an
ideal setting for habitation: 8 distinct chronological periods are separated on the basis of traditional
archaeological methods. From these 105 pottery samples from 6 periods were selected for archaeometrical
study. 31 samples from coeval nearby sites together with local sediments were also analysed for comparison.
The aim of the research was to answer the questions of what? how? and where? in connection with the pottery
assemblage, that is to obtain information on what kind of raw materials were used by ancient potters, how did
pottery making recipes change throughout the 7000 thousand years of the site, what is the provenance of the
pottery finds/raw materials.
The analytical programme was based on thin section petrography (fabric and temper analysis), comparative
geochemical and statistical analysis of the pottery finds.
Petrographic investigation revealed that in the assemblage from Máriaasszony-sziget there is a pottery group
which can be described with uniform fabric and non-plastic inclusions (made of aleuritic, fine sandy clay raw
material) being present in all the examined cultures/periods. Geochemical analysis strengthened the hypothesis
that this type of pottery represents local (near-site) ‘basic’ raw material that was used and tempered differently
during the 7000-year-long life of the settlement. In one case the archaeological assumption of an import Early
Bronze Age pottery was proved. In some other cases, based on petrographic and geochemical and statistical
analysis non-local origin of the finds was suggested. Comparison with local raw materials revealed that ancient
potters did not obtain their raw material at the site itself, but most probably used a nearby clayey material
having a similar geochemical composition to that of the Upper Pannonian clay at Battyánpuszta, although it is
non-calcareous.
Technological investigation of Late Copper Age and Early Bronze Age incrusted ware showed that the
incrustation material of the examined Kostolac ceramics was made of bone, while the incrustation material of
one Early Bronze Age pottery was calcite.The results of the research of pottery from Vörs, Máriaasszony-sziget and local sediments maybe used as
reference material for future analysis of Transdanubian prehistoric pottery.
关键词：KEYWORDS: MULTI-PERIOD SITE, KERÁMIA, PROVENANCE, RAW MATERIAL, PETROGRAPHY,
GEOCHEMISTRY
