The relations between cognition and behavior were inquired from various aspects. BeL0re analyzing their relations, different aspects of both terms were examined. The main aspects examined are as fallows. 1. Cognition as a drive of behavior. 2. From behavior to cognition as a direction of development. 3. As a dimension in personality; cognition and behavior as orientations of value in personality. 4. As functions to be distributed as a mental resource. 5. Cognition as a controling function of behavior.For the control of behavior by cognition, two levels were differentiated : control of behavior by cognition in perceptual level and control of behavior by cognition in representational level. Several experiments on both levels were reported. For the cognition in perceptual level, three experiments on rhythm synchronization and rhythm-pattern reproduction were reported as examples of performances as functions of rhythm-pattern comprehension. Also an experiment on the relation of hearing and pronunciation of English phoneme (L & R) by Japanese subjects was reported. For the cognition in representational level, two experiments on the influences of knowledge on sentence completion and memory were reported where subjects with high level knowledge showed better performance than subjects with low level knowledge. An experiment on social cognition was reported where subjects with high cognitive complexity showed better performance in the prediction of behavior of assumed person integrated from complex informations. Another experiment on self cognition was also reported where subjects with high self consciousness showed less good performance in the color namir.g of Stroop-type lists with self-relevant words. In th last part, an aspect of impotence of cognition in the control of behavior was examined, and it was stressed that the beliefe of causality between cognition and behavior was an important variable to maintain the controling function of cognition on behavior.