The chronic renal failure is considered a serious public health problem in the world. In this study, the consequences of this disease is approached from the hemodialysis treatment and from the role of the psychologist in this treatment. Emotional aspects of the renal patients are discussed based on the literature review and on the work experience in a renal disease clinic. The objective is to highlight the role of the psychologist as part of the health team and the importance of this work for a better adaptation, acceptance and well-being of the patient.