本研究では,認識の起源を行為・活動に求めるPiagetやWernerの認知発達理論や乾孝ら(1978)の立式を根拠に,以下の諸点が検討された。(1)同一図形に対する知覚活動を被験者間で変化するとき,その認知像は異なったものになるという仮説。(2)正確な認知を行うものの知覚様式をとり出すこと。(3)(2)で得られた知覚様式を他の被験者に,実験的に与えたとき,認知像が,正確なものに近づくという仮説。(4)幼児について仮説(1)を検討する。(5)その際,幼児特有の自己中心性に関係する現象が,あらわれるかどうか。主な結果は以下の通りであった。(1)(3)(4)については,幾何学図形を課題とし,成人被験者については,仮説の成立が確かめられた。(2)については,数学的移動群の構造を持つような知覚様式が見出された。(5)については,幼児特有の現象を見出し「逆転視」と名付けた。逆転視は次のような特徴を持つ。(a)3歳児に多くみられ,知覚活動の制御条件のとき,とりわけ多いこと,(b)逆転視は年齢上昇と共に漸減してゆく,(c)知覚活動を零にした場合は,6歳前半になっても減少しないこと,などである。

J. Piaget has found the origin of knowledge neither in sensorial nor perceptual data, but in "action", as. H. Werner has found it in "Aktionsding". Recently T. Inui et al. (1978) presented the following formula coordinating their theories. Perceptual Image=f (Structure of Perceptual Activity・Object itself) This study investigated developmentally the following problems based on their formula. The hypotheses are as follows. 1. As the patterns of Perceptual Activity (PA) to an Obiect are varied among subjects, Visual Images vary according to PA. 2. What is the pattern of PA according to the correct recognition of an Object? 3. When we give to the other subjects the pattern of PA obtained in the above examination of correct recognition, their recognition will become correct. 4. On the hypothesis 1 we examine infants' visual images from 3 to 6 years of age. 5. At that time whether does the phenomenon concerning the "egocentrism" appear or not? The Main results are : Hypothesis 1. 3. 4 : adult subjects proved the hypothesis in the task of a geometrical figure. In hypothesis 2 we obtained the structure of visual scanning which could be considered as mathematical displacement group. Hypothesis 5 : we found the phenomenon proper to infants and named it the "Reversed Visual Recognition (RVR)" concerning the direction of movement. We got the facts that (a) RVR appeared frequently in 3 year-old infants unde the control of PA, (b) RVR decreased gradually according to age, and almost all first 6-year-old infants reported the correct recognition ; and (c) RVR did not decrease when subjects were forbidden their PA.