本研究の目的は,父親の職業が息子の職業選択に及ぼす影響を,父親の職業の継承性の観点より分析することにある。 広島・愛媛・島根の3県の男女の中・高校生5,666名を対象として,親の職業,親の期待職業とその理由,子どもの希望職業とその理由など,15問30項目からなる調査を実施した。本論文では男子中学生1,477名,男子高校生1,537名の合計3,014名の資料が分析された。判明した主な結果は,つぎの通りである。 (1) 父親の職業に対する息子の継承希望は,当該職に親が就いていない息子による当該職への就職希望に比べて,ほとんどの職業において有意に高く,したがって職業の継承志向性を認めることができた。特に高い継承希望率を示すのは,専門的・技術的職業および公務員である。 (2) 父親が当該職にある場合の継承期待を,父親が当該職にない場合の就職期待に比べると,すべての職業において父母双方の継承期待が有意に高い。特に高い継承期待率が医者,教師,小売店主,土木・建築技師,公務員,町工場主に認められる。 (3) 息子の継承希望には,出生順位による相違がまったく認められない。しかしながら親の継承期待は,非長男よりも長男に対して高い傾向が示された。また発達的には,年少段階において親の影響がより強く現われるものと予想されたが,結果的には支持されなかった。 (4) 両親からの継承期待をになう息子は,いずれか一方の親の継承期待をになう息子,あるいは両親の継承期待をまったく受けない息子に比べて,その継承希望率が有意に高い。したがって父親の職業の継承過程には,親の継承期待が媒介していると解することができる。

The purpose of the present study was to analyse the influence of a father's occupation on occupational choice from the standpoint of a son's inheritance of his father's occupation. An investigation was carried out with the aid of a questionaire made of 15 questions on 30 different items for 5,666 boys and girls of junior high schools and senior high schools in three prefectures in Japan. The questionaire contained parents'occupations, the occupations expected of their offspring by parents and their reasons for the expected occupations, the future occupational choice by offspring and their reasons for the occupational choice, and so on. In this Paper, 1,447 junior and l,537 senior high school boys composed the analysed subjects. The main results were as follows. 1) Compared with the ratios of the son entering into the competent occupation other than the father's, those entering into the same specific occupation of their father were significantly high in almost all occupations. This meant that there existed a latent occupational inheritance. Especially high ratios of the son's wish of inheriting were found for sons of professionals, technical workers and publlc service personnel. 2) Compared with the ratios of parents' expectations of their son choosing the competent occupation other than the father's, those of their son choosing thefather's same specific occupation were significantly high in all occupations. Especially high ratios of parents'expectations of inheriting were found in occupations such as doctor, teacher, storekeeper, civil and building engineer, public service personnel, and a small factory owner in town. 3) The birth-order has no effect on the son's wish of inheriting. But it was found that parents tended to place their expectations of inheriting on the eldest son. Concerning the development, it was anticipated that father's influence would be more potent in the younger age than in the older. The results fell short of the anticipation. 4) If we compare the ratios of the son's wish of inheriting in the son who shoulders both his parents' expectations, in the son who does either of them and in the son who does neither of them, those of the son who does both parents'expectations were significantly the highest of the three. Therefore it was admitted that parents' expectations mediated the relationship between father's occupation and his son's occupational choice, namely, the occupational inheritance-making process