标题：Bazalt anyagú csiszolt kőeszközök kőzettani és geokémiai vizsgálata (Balatonöszöd - Temetői dűlő lelőhely) = Petrographical and geochemical investigation of polished stone tools made of basalt from the site Balatonőszöd - Temetői dűlő (Hungary)
摘要：The present study reports results of petrographical and geochemical analyses on polished stone artefacts (stone
axes etc.) and stone tools from the archaeological site Balatonöszöd – Temetői dűlő (Hungary). Balatonöszöd –
Temetői dűlő is the largest excavated and longest-lived site of the Baden Culture in Hungary (more than 20.000
m2) (Fig. 1.). In the site objects of the Balaton-Lasinja Culture (Middle Copper Age) and the Boleraz Culture
were found too. Altogether 500 finds (made of stone) turned up. The present study reports the results of the
investigation of 204 finds, all made of basalt. Most of the finds made of basalt belong to the Baden Culture.
Almost all finds made of basalt are stone axes, but most of them are only pre-forms, or fragments, their material
is weathered. (Handaxes, grinding stones, objects whose function is not known, boulders of raw material and
cores of shaft-hole axes can also be found.)
According to their macroscopic and microscopic features (stage of the weathering, mineral composition, texture)
two type of basaltic rocks can be separated among the finds.
On the basis of our analyses [i.e. macroscopical, microscopical and chemical examinations (bulk-rock chemistry
(PGAA, ICP-ES, ICP-MS) and mineral chemistry (EPMA) of olivine, clinopyroxene, plagioclase, iron-titanoxides
(titanomagnetite), spinel inclusions in olivine, leucite (in the first type of basalt)], compared with data of
analyses found in the literature consulted, with the help of multivariant dataprocessing – the basaltic raw
material of the first type of the archaeological finds is originated most probable from the basaltic rocks of
Hegyestű. The raw material of the second type of the archaeological finds is mainly similar to the basaltic rocks
of Haláp and Uzsa (Fig. 20.), but can not be identified with them. Further investigations (i.e. more data of
mineral chemistry) are needed for safety exclusion of the basaltic rocks of Selmecbánya (Banská Stiavnica,
Slovakia) (in the case of the first type of the archaeological finds); and Diszel (Hajagoshegy) and Sarata (Muntii
Persanii, Romania) (in the case of the second type of the archaeological finds). However, we can exclude
Selmecbánya (Banská Stiavnica, Slovakia) and Sarata (Muntii Persanii, Romania) because of their significant
distance from the archaeological site.
