I . Problem Wickman's study of the teachers' attitudes toward behavior problems of children, published in 1928,has been quoted ever since as the evidence that teachers are unable to recognize those problems so serious as mental hygienists. We also found that teachers were likely to make light of regressive behavior problems on the part of their pupils in Japan. (Report No. I ) But we have doubts about the judgement that teacher's attitudes are naive, because it depends on the results obtained after comparing rating by teachers with those by clinicians. We must look straight at teachers' situation different from clinicians' situation. Therefore, we have the following two problems. 1) How accurate are teachers in observing the social structure of their classes ? On this problem, the teachers who often recognized children's serious regressive behavior problems observed more accurately than those who were usually concerned about aggressive behavior problems. (Report No, II) 2) How desirable are pupils' attitudes toward their teachers proved by T. P. T. (Takeuchi's Personality Test) ? The general consideration of the results could not explain a significant difference between the two groups of teachers. (Report No. III) Consequently, purpose of this study is to examine the second problem in detail.