This study presents new issues and methodological approaches in the field of psychological knowledge history. It presents a discussion about the pertinence of performing this type of studies in the sphere of Brazilian culture, evidencing the relevance of this approach for developing psychological knowledge and practice in Brazil that is in harmony with the specific characteristics to the Brazilian culture and society. From the methodological point of view, it highlights the need to consider the fact that the sources used in the historical reconstruction belong to specific genres. Finally, this study presents the possibility of building different historical narratives based on different methodological approaches.