The objective of this case study was to evaluate a physically violent family, using the Bioecological Theory of Human Development to identify risk and protective factors. Systemic aspects related to the variables such as: the person, the processes, the developmental contexts and time (life history and family routines) were identified. Results obtained through interviews of family members, and professionals, showed that the interactions were marked by severe corporal and verbal aggressions, which were used as communication strategies, and as a way to establish contact among all members. Family members indicated that violence was seen as natural, what hindered the acceptance of change. The case study illustrates how professionals who work in prevention, and intervention with violent families may identify relevant aspects in a systemic analysis of the violence phenomenon.