The present paper is the result of a literature review on the concept of Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children and Adolescents. The purpose is to achieve a critical and contextual concept, through a review of the discussion involving the concept adopted by authors in this area, making a parallel with the lines of direction proposed by international documents, such as the Declaration of Stockholm. This paper also aims at guiding professionals who deal with the subject, as an attempt to contribute with a critical view about the phenomenon of Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children and Adolescents, and, consequently, critical ways of curbing it.