This paper does an incursion into the main conceptual questions referring to the topic of violence against children, showing that, although there is some agreement about labels that specify different types of this type of violence, these labels give margin to different interpretations. The paper focuses on the violence hindrances reported by the literature, encompassing important signs which could allow school professionals to identify the violence involving students in their homes. The rights of the child are evidenced, emphasizing inconsistencies between ECA's regulations (Brazilian Child & Adolescent Act), and the school's performance. Finally, this paper sustains that the school needs to assume a more effective role in defending child and adolescent's rights, building efficient strategies to curb violence child maltreatment.