期刊名称：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
印刷版ISSN：0027-8424
电子版ISSN：1091-6490
出版年度：1971
卷号：68
期号：11
页码：2742-2745
DOI：10.1073/pnas.68.11.2742
语种：English
出版社：The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
摘要：Rates of immigration and extinction of bird species on a tropical island, Karkar in the southwest Pacific Ocean, have been estimated from surveys made in 1914 and in 1969. Compared to a temperate-zone island of similar size and isolation (Santa Cruz off southern California), Karkar has a similar extinction rate, but a lower immigration rate expressed as a fraction of the mainland species pool, due to the sedentariness of many tropical forest birds. The probability of extinction is highest for species that are rare (due to narrow habitat requirements, large territory size, competition, recency of colonization, or marginal suitability of habitat), species with "in-and-out" tactics, and populations on small islands.
