期刊名称：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
印刷版ISSN：0027-8424
电子版ISSN：1091-6490
出版年度：2012
卷号：109
期号：30
页码：12195-12200
DOI：10.1073/pnas.1204404109
语种：English
出版社：The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
摘要：The endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) mediates retrograde synaptic suppression. Although the mechanisms of 2-AG production are well characterized, how 2-AG is degraded is less clearly understood. Here we found that expression of the 2-AG hydrolyzing enzyme monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL) was highly heterogeneous in the cerebellum, being rich within parallel fiber (PF) terminals, weak in Bergman glia (BG), and absent in other synaptic terminals. Despite this highly selective MGL expression pattern, 2-AG-mediated retrograde suppression was significantly prolonged at not only PF-Purkinje cell (PC) synapses but also climbing fiber-PC synapses in granule cell-specific MGL knockout (MGL-KO) mice whose cerebellar MGL expression was confined to the BG. Virus-mediated expression of MGL into the BG of global MGL-KO mice significantly shortened 2-AG-mediated retrograde suppression at PF-PC synapses. Furthermore, contribution of MGL to termination of 2-AG signaling depended on the distance from MGL-rich PFs to inhibitory synaptic terminals. Thus, 2-AG is degraded in a synapse-type independent manner by MGL present in PFs and the BG. The results of the present study strongly suggest that MGL regulates 2-AG signaling rather broadly within a certain range of neural tissue, although MGL expression is heterogeneous and limited to a subset of nerve terminals and astrocytes.
