期刊名称：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
印刷版ISSN：0027-8424
电子版ISSN：1091-6490
出版年度：2012
卷号：109
期号：33
页码：13374-13379
DOI：10.1073/pnas.1205539109
语种：English
出版社：The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
摘要：Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and important medical problem, affecting 10% of hospitalized patients, and it is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The most frequent cause of AKI is acute tubular necrosis (ATN). Current imaging techniques and biomarkers do not allow ATN to be reliably differentiated from important differential diagnoses, such as acute glomerulonephritis (GN). We investigated whether 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) might allow the noninvasive diagnosis of ATN. 13C MRSI of hyperpolarized [1,4-13C2]fumarate and pyruvate was used in murine models of ATN and acute GN (NZM2410 mice with lupus nephritis). A significant increase in [1,4-13C2]malate signal was identified in the kidneys of mice with ATN early in the disease course before the onset of severe histological changes. No such increase in renal [1,4-13C2]malate was observed in mice with acute GN. The kidney [1-13C]pyruvate/[1-13C]lactate ratio showed substantial variability and was not significantly decreased in animals with ATN or increased in animals with GN. In conclusion, MRSI of hyperpolarized [1,4-13C2]fumarate allows the detection of early tubular necrosis and its distinction from glomerular inflammation in murine models. This technique may have the potential to identify a window of therapeutic opportunity in which emerging therapies might be applied to patients with ATN, reducing the need for acute dialysis with its attendant morbidity and cost.
