The development of agriculture depends on the structural changes of the total population, as well as on the development of agriculture in general. An intensive process of de-agrarization in our country also implied the change of rural structure, observed at the level of settlement and at the level of landed-estates, that is households and others. Significant changes in the rural structures of Vojvodina are also a result of the intensive changes caused by the processes of transition. The centre of the dynamic changes in the rural areas of Vojvodina lies in the individual agricultural estates, as well as in the agricultural population which represents a significant segment of the total population. The paper analyzes the structure of agricultural population (total, active, supported) of Vojvodina at the level of counties from 2002. To do that, the paper uses the results of the census of population, households and apartments from 2002. The paper also compares the acquired results with the corresponding results of the earlier censuses. The results of the research represent a contribution to the explanation of the character and degree of the rural and economic development of The Autonomous Province of Vojvodina.