In the last 50 years, two processes gained full shape in the population dynamics of Vojvodina: a strong rural exodus and the concentration of population in the towns, as well as the permanent decline of natural increase. They are, more or less, regular events in the development of a society, but their specific and unfavourable side lies in the fact that they occur faster and more intensive than our society can follow without greater disturbances and lasting consequences. Thus, it is a particular characteristic of the natural trends of the population. The goal of this paper is to establish and qualify the differences, changes and tendencies of birthrate, mortality rate and natural increase of the population of urban and rural (other) settlements in Vojvodina in the period from 1963 to 2003. In addition, on the basis of the analysis and demographic trends so far, the paper tried to answer the question which had to be asked: which trends are expected in the near future?.