This paper analyzes the traditional main role of Export Credit Agencies (ECAs) which have from their founding been a tool for governments to support national companies in their export business and enhance the economy's capacity to penetrate foreign markets. Since 1919 when the first agency was established in the United Kingdom with the objective of guaranteeing exports to markets not covered by private insurers, ECAs have been the main promoters of national politics for providing coverage against commercial and non-commercial risks of export transactions. In the last years, in the light of enhanced institutional and legal framework, global trade and financial integration, structural transformation in production organization, and the increasing role of the private sector, significant changes in the model of traditional export credit support have occurred.