期刊名称：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
印刷版ISSN：0027-8424
电子版ISSN：1091-6490
出版年度：2012
卷号：109
期号：45
页码：18419-18424
DOI：10.1073/pnas.1213438109
语种：English
出版社：The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
摘要：The anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) promotes anaphase onset and mitotic exit through ubiquitinating securin and cyclin B1. The mitotic APC/C activator, the cell division cycle 20 (Cdc20) protein, directly interacts with APC/C degrons--the destruction (D) and KEN boxes. APC/CCdc20 is the target of the spindle checkpoint. Checkpoint inhibition of APC/CCdc20 requires the binding of a BubR1 KEN box to Cdc20. How APC/C recognizes substrates is not understood. We report the crystal structures of human Cdc20 alone or bound to a BubR1 KEN box. Cdc20 has a disordered N-terminal region and a C-terminal WD40 {beta} propeller with a preformed KEN-box-binding site at its top face. We identify a second conserved surface at the side of the Cdc20 {beta} propeller as a D-box-binding site. The D box of securin, but not its KEN box, is critical for securin ubiquitination by APC/CCdc20. Although both motifs contribute to securin ubiquitination by APC/CCdh1, securin mutants lacking either motif are efficiently ubiquitinated. Furthermore, D-box peptides diminish the ubiquitination of KEN-box substrates by APC/CCdh1, suggesting possible competition between the two motifs. Our results indicate the lack of strong positive cooperativity between the two degrons of securin. We propose that low-cooperativity, multisite target recognition enables APC/C to robustly ubiquitinate diverse substrates and helps to drive cell cycle oscillations.
