摘要：Overuse injuries of locomotor system on lower limbs, especially those that are foot related, are common in athletes and are both diagnostic and therapeutic problem. The most important external factors causing the overuse injuries are biomechanic disorders of the lower limb, particularly foot related biomechanical disorders that have an impact on its static and dynamic function. The most important aspect of correcting the biomechanical disorders of the foot is application of orthopaedic insoles. Pedobarographic analysis made on electronic platform while standing and walking is followed by the computer assisted designing of individual orthopaedic insole made by robot machine using materials of different hardness. Orthopaedic insole corrects all the registered deformations in hindfoot, forefoot or/and midfoot and, depending upon particular overuse injury, heel elevations, cavities, or other types of unburdening are made. The application of orthopaedic insoles in plantar fasciitis, tendinitis of the flexor hallucis longus, tendinitis and synovitis of the tibialis anterior, enthesitis of the tibialis anterior, enthesitis of the peroneus brevis, metatarsalgia, anterior impigement syndrome of the ankle, overuse injury of the Achilles tendon, stress fracture of the metatarsal bones, stress fracture of the tarsal bones and sesamoiditis, is described. The significance of application of orthopaedic insoles in treatment of other overuse lower limb syndromes, such as patellar tendinitis/tendinosis and iliotibial band friction syndrome, is indicated. Thanks to the new technology in diagnostics of static and dynamic disorders of the foot and new technology in producing orthopaedic insoles using different materials, it is nowdays possible to prevent and adequately treat many overuse foot related and lower limb related injuries.
关键词：foot and ankle; overuse injuries; treatment; orthopaedic insoles
