摘要：The goal of the research was to give a description and to standardize implementation procedures of the basic biomechanical techniques for simultaneous acquisition of kinematic, kinetic and EMG data on the drop jump exercises. Data collection was done by simultaneous employment of piezoelectric platform, used for measuring ground reaction force, an EMG device for measuring muscular activity and video signal acquisition, on the basis of which the kinematic analysis was later performed. Then the signals were used to interpreting and describing the drop jump exercises. Five top-quality long jumpers performed the drop jump exercises, which were frequently used in the technology of the athletics training. The EMG results of the take-off leg muscle activity indicated that the voluntary preparation in terms of muscle preactivation just prior to landing is crucial for a good jump performance. The maximum values of EMG activity were most frequently achieved in the very moment of establishing contact with the ground. The analysed biomechanical variables set high demands on the locomotor system of the examinees. The results indicated the high vertical ground reaction force at all levels, suggesting that the applied exercises generated loads equal to the long jump specific loads in actual performance (values of the vertical ground reaction force ranged from 3500 to 6300N). The obtained horizontal ground reaction force was expectedly lower (not exceeding 1500N) due to the lower horizontal speed of movement.
关键词：kinematics; ground force reaction; electromyography; drop jumps; long jump
