期刊名称：LAHOR: journal for Croatian as mother, second and foreign lanugage
印刷版ISSN：1846-2197
电子版ISSN：1848-4972
出版年度：2008
卷号：2
期号：6
页码：198-209
出版社：Crotian Philological Society
摘要：In this paper authors present different grading systems in European and non-European countries. Differences in the types of grading (qualitative vs.\ quantitative), symbols used (numbers, letters, words, percentages, points, additional symbols such as $+$ or $-$), the range of grading (two stages: pass and fail; three, four, five, six, seven up to 20), and in the grade direction (ascending or descending scales) are shown. The authors show how consideration should be given to the whole system of grading before making decisions on the similarity or translatability of two grades. Even the grading systems of neighboring countries could be similar only superficially. It is particularly hard to realize when grades in the middle range, e.g.\ 3 or 4 are assigned and languages name them with cognates as they are genetically related (such is the case with Croatian and Czech grades).\\ In an example of grading at the University School of Croatian Language and Culture (University of Zagreb) it is shown what can be done when the use a two different grading systems in parallel is necessary. Such an approach developed from joint program with an American university and recognized by some other \textsc{usa} and Canadian universities in terms of giving students credit, gives more information needed for transferring grades. Sometimes it is not even necessary to translate (nostrify) grades; parallel grades could be easily transferable.
