摘要：his work presents a structural analysis of the essential elements of the electronic navigation systems of the positioning at sea, principally those which have been used in merchant ships. This includes the analysis of the satellite, hyperbolic, radio direction finder, and inertial navigation systems, including very accurate close range navigation systems. As today's navigators rely heavily on the GPS system, and the system itself is generally rather sensitive (jamming, switching off,…) and under military control, enhancements of the GPS and other satellite navigation systems as well as their possible alternatives among available electronic navigation systems have been explored. Firstly, hyperbolic and inertial systems are already available. Secondly, close range navigation systems such as laser and hydro-acoustic systems, can become alternatives. An alternative can also be the use of the wireless telephony networks (GSM, CDMA, UMTS etc.) for obtaining the ship's position, possibly in cost navigation.
关键词：Satellite systems; hyperbolic systems; inertial navigation systems; close range systems; GSM network.
