Cardiovascular diseases are among the most frequent causes of illness and death among the active population, especially in industrialized countries, but also in developing countries. In industrialized countries are registered between 15% and 20% of workers suffering from cardiovascular disease while risk increases with age: between 45 and 64 years more than one third of deaths are recorded in men and one fourth in women. Working in cold microclimate can lead to health problems, decrease performance and increase labor productivity determining the occurrence of accidents at work, absence from work because of sickness. The worst case working in cold conditions may be linked with deaths due to accidents related to cold or because of an acute event occur in a pre-existing condition. Cardiovascular symptoms and decreased performance occurs especially during working in cold weather, especially among patients with cardiovascular disease or cardiovascular important risk factors. Increased awareness and identification in the workplace of individual risks associated cold is the first step in assuring a proper risk management. After this assessment, sensitive population groups need individual advice regarding prevention and protection work in cold microclimate. An important asset of people is touched by an unidentified form of asymptomatic or cardiovascular disease. Working conditions and job requirements for employment can trigger brutal events, acute cardiovascular disease in asymptomatic active staff requiring the development of complex programs adaptation and/or retraining.