期刊名称：The Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa (JSDA)
电子版ISSN：1520-5509
出版年度：2012
卷号：14
期号：6
出版社：Institute of Sustainable Development in Africa
摘要：The creation of Zimbabwe-South African border by colonial powers divided resources and communities that once co-existed and more significantly changed the nature of the relationship that communities had between them and with their natural resources, giving rise to conflicts. After the advent of independence, one of the most significant events in natural resources management has been the integration of environmentalism into the development agenda. An outcome of the rise of environmentalism is the concept of natural resources management. The meteoric rise of transboundary approaches in Southern Africa is due to a number of factors, including the need to better manage shared resources; the drive for economic growth through regional integration and development, the need to foster community participation, promote peace and security and embrace the forces of globalisation. However, despite these envisaged benefits of transboundary natural resource management (TBNRM), there are numerous concerns arising from these initiatives ranging from community marginalisation, inter - community conflicts and inter – state inequity in the distribution of benefits. The study used both qualitative and quantitative research methodologies. The study noted that border communities, already at the margins of social, political and economic opportunities are becoming further marginalised through TBNRM initiatives. Furthermore, TBNRM initiatives are affected by conflicts between community and private interests, unresolved imperative of land reform, confusion around the organisational roles and responsibilities of the state, local versus Non-Governmental Organisations, donors, and the power imbalances among stakeholders. Considering the challenges, TBNRM initiatives should take into account the ecological, socio-cultural, economic, political, and institutional concerns of stakeholders, especially the local communities. TBNRM should operate through existing local organisation.
关键词：Transboundary Natural Resources Management; Household Food Security; Community Participation; Sustainable Development; Community Ownership; South Africa-Zimbabwe Border
