期刊名称：The Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa (JSDA)
电子版ISSN：1520-5509
出版年度：2012
卷号：14
期号：8
出版社：Institute of Sustainable Development in Africa
摘要：The Sub-Sahara Africa region is characterized by high brain drain, mostly due to harsh socio-economic and political conditions. One central question that has caused a lot of controversy in Zimbabwe has been whether brain drain has positive or negative impact on sustainable development. One divergent school of thought examines brain drain from the perspective of the highly detrimental effects arising from acute shortage of manpower, thereby weakening capacity of development. On the other hand, representatives of the other convergence school of thought argue that the problem of brain drain in Zimbabwe is over dramatized and is less critical than it is usually portrayed. It is within such a controversial and sensitive framework that this research was carried out. The research utilized both qualitative and quantitative research methodologies in which structured interviews, focus group discussions and questionnaires were the main data collection instruments. The research noted that there is an overall tendency for migration rates in Zimbabwe to be higher for highly educated individuals. The research revealed that brain drain represents a major development constrain both in terms of development opportunities and lost investment and it drains sending nations of their human capital that took enormous resources to nurture and produce. Thus brain drain is an international transfer of resources in the form of human capital that is not recorded in an official balance of payment statistics and it represents major challenges in the education sector in Zimbabwe
关键词：Brain drain; brain circulation; Diaspora; Human capital; Labor; Zimbabwe
