摘要：Since April 2006, the Consejos Comunales have spread throughout Venezuela. By federal law, such bodies were created to enable citizens to exercise direct management of public policies at the local level. Explicitly, the Bolivarian government convened the people to use the Consejos as instruments of redistribution and decentralization of political power. However, as this paper intends to demonstrate, the new institutional framework established by the Bolivarian government was not sufficient for the effective development of autonomous and long-lived political initiatives in that country.i
