摘要：1.1. Social and Political Complexity Societies are complex and difficult to describe. Increasing social differentiation has led to what Habermas has called “die neue Unübersichtlichkeit” (Habermas 1985). This uncertainty poses severe problems for social science analysis. Often fundamentalist beliefs are used to construct explanations and cause for action. As Karl Mannheim has already pointed out, political ideologies offer simplified solutions for complex problems.
