摘要：This paper presents a short history of the influence evo¬lutionary thinking has had on anthropology and archaeology. The fo¬cus is on four major "schools" in evolutionist thought: the classical evolutionism of the 19th century, Neo-evolutionism, social biology (sociobiology) and Neo-Darwinian archaeology. The basic conclusion of this text is that the idea of socio-cultural evolution, understood in the broadest sense, has left a lasting impression on anthropological and archeological theory, and that it still represents a useful theo¬retical framework for new research.
关键词：socio-cultural evolution; Darwinism; sociobiology; Neo-Darwinian archaeology; ;anthropological theory; archaeological theory
