摘要：Industrialisation and urbanisation processes, which, according to their social consequences, are exceptionally complex, and whose influence is disastrous for the traditional rural environment, have in a very short period, supported by the general policies, transformed the village social system leaving no time for same, perhaps more suitable solutions for adaptation to the new conditions. The most massive reaction was an abandonment of agriculture, which, due to the high concentration of industry in the towns during the first post-war period, was often connected with rural emigration. In terms of working capability and fertility the exodus consisted of the most valuable contingent of the rural population. Through decentra1isation of industry the rural population has been partly stabilised and is changing its social structure. The number of peasant-workers is increasing, representing today the biggest social category in the village. Village inhabitants with no land are now more and more frequent. In this text certain simi1arities and differences concerning these three main social layers are presented.
关键词：industrialisation; urbanisation; rural population; social structure
