摘要：Goods can be divided in two categories: we will call exclusive a good if it is relatively easy to prohibit a person from using this it, while a nonexclusive implies that it is basically impossible (or very expensive) to prohibit a person from using it. Furthermore, a good is called nonrival if the use of an additional item of the good implies a zero marginal production cost. The two concepts – non-exclusivity and non-rivality – are generally linked to each other (an immediate example is the national security system). A good is public (pure) if it is nonexclusive. The public goods are usually nonrival, too, but this is not a necessary condition .Private goods are different from the public ones through the two qualities.
关键词：exclusive goods; public goods; incomplete; information; game; player; equilibrium
