期刊名称：The Open Environmental & Biological Monitoring Journal
电子版ISSN：1875-0400
出版年度：2011
卷号：4
页码：1-20
DOI：10.2174/1875040001104010001
出版社：Bentham Science Publishers Ltd
摘要：
This study focuses on determining the variation of indoor pollutants
in public transport buses in the City of Toledo running on biodiesel
(BD) and ultra low sulfur diesel (ULSD). The indoor pollutants monitored
are carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon
monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2),
nitric oxide (NO), and particulate matter (PM). Temperature (Temp.)
and relative humidity (RH) are also measured inside the vehicle
in addition to the monitored in-vehicle pollutants. The various
factors generally affecting indoor air quality in any microenvironment
are indoor sources of pollutants (people, furniture, etc.), ventilation,
outdoor air quality, meteorology, pollutant decay, and vehicular
traffic. The objective of this research paper is to study the daily,
monthly, and seasonal variation of in-vehicle pollutants in relation
to different variables and also determine the statistical significance
of in-vehicle pollutant levels in biodiesel and ultra low sulfur
diesel buses. The daily, monthly, and seasonal variations of the
pollutants monitored are studied and it was observed that the pollutant
level buildup within a bus compartment is due to a combination of
different factors and not a result of variation due to a single
variable.
CO2 levels are influenced by a
combination of varying passenger ridership, vehicular traffic, ventilation
settings, and bus status. CO and SO2
levels depend on vehicular traffic, ventilation settings, and to
an extent on vehicle speed. NO levels varied with vehicular traffic
and ventilation settings. PM levels are influenced by vehicular
traffic, ventilation settings and vehicle speed. Relatively higher
pollutant concentrations are observed for the majority of pollutants
in winter months when there is not much air exchange in the bus
compartment. A study of the trends revealed that the concentrations
were mainly influenced by peak hours, ventilation settings, vehicular
traffic, passenger ridership, and meteorology. The pollutant levels
of CO2 and SO2
are found to be statistically significantly higher in an ultra low
sulfur diesel bus while the pollutant levels of CO, NO, and particle
numbers with size range between 0.30 µm and 0.40 µm
are found to be statistically significantly higher in a biodiesel
bus. Particulate matter concentrations are found to be statistically
similar in both the test buses.
