期刊名称：The Open Environmental & Biological Monitoring Journal
电子版ISSN：1875-0400
出版年度：2008
卷号：1
页码：33-42
DOI：10.2174/1875040000801010033
出版社：Bentham Science Publishers Ltd
摘要：
Natural and anthropogenic release of metals into surface waters
and sediments may alter benthic community structure. To better understand
macroinvertebrate communities in metal-impacted shale-draining streams
in north-central Arkansas, sediment and macroinvertebrate samples
were collected from sites on black shale-draining (BLS) and limestone-
draining streams (LMS; used as a reference stream). The samples
were collected during three sampling occasions targeting periods
of stable flows between October 2003 and July 2005. Analyses of
metals in water and sediment samples were done according to US EPA
200.8 and 6020 methodologies, respectively. Habitat surveys and
macroinvertebrate community sampling, processing and taxonomy were
done following US EPA’s rapid bioassessment protocols as well
as methods outlined in Ohio Environmental Protection Agency. Concentrations
of cadmium, copper, and nickel in BLS sediments were significantly
(p < 0.05) higher than those of LMS samples. The concentrations
of cadmium (range: 0.5 - 5.3 ppm), copper (2.2–64), and nickel
(6.2–18) in the BLS sediments exceeded the Effect Range-Low
values of NOAA’s sediment quality guidelines. Except for Chironomidae
genera, all macroinvertebrate abundance and richness metrics were
significantly lower in BLS than LMS sites (p < 0.05). The percent
Ephemeroptera-Plecoptera-Trichoptera (EPT) was between two and seven
times higher in LMS than BLS sites. The abundance and richness of
metal-sensitive taxa (e.g. Heptageniidae and Chloroperlidae) were
significantly lower in BLS samples than those of LMS. Negative correlations
between sediment metal concentrations and macroinvertebrate richness
metrics were also observed. The observed low macroinvertebrate abundance
and taxa richness at BLS sites were attributed in part to elevated
metal concentrations in sediments and water. Knowledge of the impacts
of shale-derived metals on the spatial and temporal distribution
of macroinvertebrate is vital in the management of watersheds underlain
by black shales. Such information forms the basis upon which sound
state and federal government land and water management and conservation
policies are made.
