摘要：In this article, L. Vygotsky’s and N. Marr’s ideas on thinking and language are analyzed in the light of their reflections about L. Lévy-Bruhl’s theories of “primitive thought”. Not only were Lévy-Bruhl’s ideas and facts related in his books used by both Vygotsky and Marr to constitute theoretical grounds and important conclusions of their theories, but the French anthropologist often served as an author of common interest between Vygotsky and Marr. This tendency was particularly evident in their reflections on a “crisis” in psychology and linguistics in the first third of the 20th century, on a “diffuse” nature of primitive thought and language and on verbal and gesture languages.
关键词：L. Vygotsky; N. Marr; L. Lévy-Bruhl; thinking; language; primitivity; “law of participation”; “crisis” in linguistics and psychology; verbal and gesture language; history of ideas
