期刊名称：Practical Assessment, Research and Evaluation
印刷版ISSN：1531-7714
电子版ISSN：1531-7714
出版年度：2003
卷号：8
出版社：ERIC: Clearinghouse On Assessment and Evaluation
摘要：Surveys allow information to be collected from a sample group and generalized to the population at large. Because they are low cost and easy to implement, mail surveys are used more frequently for social research than either telephone or face-to-face interviews. Those conducting surveys should recognize four potential sources of error -- sampling error, non-coverage error, non-response error, and measurement error -- and take steps to minimize their impact. Any one of these sources of error may make the survey results unacceptable (Groves, 1989; Salant and Dillman, 1994; Dillman, 1991, 1999). This article describes the four types of errors and summarizes ways they can be reduced.
