The text offers an overview of the archaeological record of the so-called Cultura Castrexa or Hillfort Culture, corresponding to the Iron Age and part of the Indigenous-Roman period in the north-western Iberian Peninsula, traditionally considered a Celtic region. A diachronic scheme is used, showing the main features of settlement patterns and forms, locations, land use, territoriality, and material culture forms and styles for each of the phases into which the period has been traditionally divided. In closing, we offer a brief summary of the more relevant interpretative trends, followed by a brief historical reconstruction of the period based on anthropological concepts such as the Germanic Mode of Production.