This paper considers a framework for introducing market valuation to Japanese bank accounting, focusing on practical issues to be solved.Reflecting the growing concern over the present historical cost accounting, it is argued that market valuation should be introduced to bank accounting for disclosure purpose in Japan. Particularly, there are strong arguments for market valuation of certain types of financial instruments.Specific considerations include: the overview of present accounting in Japan, the distinctive features of Japanese bank accounting, the accounting framework of partial market valuation, the "fair value" concept in measuring financial instruments, and its application to valuation of individual financial instruments.