摘要：A comparison of labor use by small-scale conventional and sustainable farmers has received little attention from researchers. However, the issue is significant given the growing emphasis being placed on a sustainable farming system, which is considered to require more labor and managerial input compared to the conventional one. This study analyzes labor use of small-scale farmers in Tennessee by classifying them into conventional and sustainable categories. The data were collected using face-to-face interviews of randomly selected farmers. Analysis shows that farm operators were the primary source of labor for production and farm business management both for sustainable and conventional farmers, but there is a significant difference between sustainable and conventional farmers in their use of other family members' labor.
