期刊名称：Journal of Applied Sciences in Environmental Sanitation
印刷版ISSN：0126-2807
电子版ISSN：1978-6980
出版年度：2006
卷号：1
期号：3
页码：17-29
出版社：Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology (ITS)
摘要：Most developing countries, such as Pakistan, now officially regard environmental concern as part of their overall framework for economic and social planning. Pakistan has established national environmental policies and programs, including legislation, to protect the environment. This paper describes the evaluation of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process in Pakistan using the Christopher Wood model. The Pakistan EIA process has several strong characteristics. These include legal provision of EIA, opportunity for public participation, reasonable alternative options, strong emphasis on environmental monitoring once proposals are implemented, and availability of screening, scoping, report preparation and review options. The shortcomings of the Pakistan EIA system were the implementation of EIA process, lack of importance of EIA at the time of decision making, and absence of a strategic environmental assessment process. The evaluation of the Pakistan EIA process with the Wood model showed that it was a fairly good process at present political and socioeconomic situation of the country. For future improvements, especially regarding implementation of EIA, there is a need for environmental education, environmental capacity building, and proper training in the environmental field.
关键词：Decision making; EIA monitoring; Pakistan EPA; public participation; Wood model
