期刊名称：International Journal of Energy and Environment
印刷版ISSN：2076-2895
电子版ISSN：2076-2909
出版年度：2011
卷号：2
期号：6
页码：1079-1100
出版社：International Energy and Environment Foundation (IEEF)
摘要：In this computational fluid dynamic (CFD) study on vehicle drag forces sheds light on the mathematical algorithms utilized to converge on pertinent data useful in the design and manufacture of automobiles. COSMOS Floworks™ was used to model the virtual vehicle motion involving various governing flow equations with main attention given to turbulent behavior in incompressible fluid flows. The paper highlighted Navier-Stokes considerations in the study and introduced Reynolds Decomposition methods to generate more refined models which in turn give accurate results, such as Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) Equations and Large Eddy Simulation (LES) Techniques, introduced using the Einstein Notation. Recent developments in Coherent vortex simulation methods were also briefly discussed. Example modeling and tests were conducted to show automotive design improvements that resulted in a 8.57% improvement in local drag forces (FD) at the rear wheel wells, which effectively reduces the required Horsepower (hp) of the vehicle traveling at a certain speed (7.24 %). Different 3-D Automotive Design Models were examined in the current study, where real life design considerations and design benefits applications were briefly discussed. Furthermore, the paper highlights the need for utilization of both computational and real flow analysis on the car body and future performance relationship with the car’s body weight, material and design.
