期刊名称：Aktuelnosti iz Neurologije, Psihijatrije i Graničnih Područja
印刷版ISSN：0354-2726
出版年度：2002
卷号：X
期号：3-4
页码：45-54
出版社：Clinical Center of Vojvodina
摘要：Spasticity is a motor disorder characterized by velocity-dependent increase in tonic stretch reflexes (muscle tone) with exaggerated tendon jerks, resulting from hyperexcitability of the stretch reflex, as one component of the upper motoneuron syndrome. The upper motoneuron syndrome includes positive symptoms of enhanced stretch reflexes (spasticity) and released flexor reflexes in the lower limbs, and negative symptoms of loss of dexterity and weakness. Disorders which may lead to the upper motoneuron syndrome are: cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury, stroke, spinal cord injury and neurodegenerative diseases. Spasticity treatment decision depends on chronicity, severity and distribution of spasticity, site of lesion, presence of co-morbidities (contracture or intellectual deficits), availability of care and support, and goals of the therapy. Treatment goals are: improving mobility, reducing pain and spasms, increasing range of motion, improving orthotic fit and cosmesis, improving positioning, and delaying or preventing surgery. Optimal efficacy of any antispastic therapy requires a chemical treatment to relax the muscle combined with a physical treatment to lenghten the muscle. In therapy of spasticity, local and general pharmacological treatment, intrathecal administration of antispastic drugs and surgical treatment are available
