期刊名称：Aktuelnosti iz Neurologije, Psihijatrije i Graničnih Područja
印刷版ISSN：0354-2726
出版年度：2009
卷号：XVII
期号：3-4
页码：12-19
出版社：Clinical Center of Vojvodina
摘要：The prevalence and presence of carotid atherosclerotic or occlusive disease in the general population significantly correlate with age, total cholesterol levels, and cardiovascular and ischemic disease. Asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis plaques can be discovered in one third of elderly population by ultrasound. Modern ultrasound technology provides reliable non-invasive and low-cost detection and assessment of atherosclerotic changes in carotid arteries. The aim of the study was to define the risk factors for carotid occlusive disease, determine the importance of neurosonology in the diagnosis, establish the normal ultrasound parameters for particular arteries and ultrasound criteria for evaluation of stenosis, and determine the specificity, sensitivity and accuracy of color duplex sonography for detection of carotid occlusive disease. The study was done prospectively, on a stratified sample of 100 persons treated in the acute phase of ischemic stroke at the Neurology Clinic in Banjaluka. Research was conducted according to a questionnaire including all the categories defined by research aims. The questionnaires were filled in with data from medical histories and information obtained in interviews with patients. The most common risk factor for carotid occlusive disease was hypertension, followed by smoking, increased cholesterol and triglyceride levels, diabetes, alcohol consumption, obesity, and lack of physical activity. Ultrasonography of blood vessels was proved a modern and superior method in the diagnosis of carotid occlusive disease. Peak systolic velocity, end diastolic velocity and the ratio of internal carotid artery and common carotid artery velocities were identified as good indicators of the severity of internal carotid artery stenosis. Comparison of the ultrasound results with the results obtained with computed angiotomography, magnetic resonance angiography and conventional angiography. Showed ultrasound to be a very sensitive diagnostic method with a high level of positive correlation with comparative diagnostic methods. Final analyses of the results showed that color duplex sonography had sensitivity of 0.892, specificity of 0.954 and accuracy of 0.96
