期刊名称：Aktuelnosti iz Neurologije, Psihijatrije i Graničnih Područja
印刷版ISSN：0354-2726
出版年度：2010
卷号：XVIII
期号：1
页码：25-40
出版社：Clinical Center of Vojvodina
摘要：Despite the overall progress of humankind that has brought increasing gender equality, all or al-most all studies aiming at providing a comprehensive insight into the problem of sexual or gender based vi-olence suggest a paradoxical fact that sexual or gender based violence is an increasingly prevalent phenom-enon. It is still unclear, however, whether violence is on the increase or it is just more openly talked about. Since violence threatens the very fundamental values of a civilized society, any act of gender-based violence involves supposed criminal liability. Acts of gender-based violence are most frequently criminal offences, since they predominantly involve a violation, or a concrete danger. Most are characterized by an evident intention to perpetrate a crime (animus auctoris) and intention to harm, insult or humiliate others (ani-mus injuriandi), which is relevant for qualifying particular criminal acts and determining a conviction on criminal charge, and crucial for honor acts. Common to most violence victims is that they feel forced to act against their will. Psychologically, in order to understand the nature of gender based violence, it is neces-sary to understand the relations of power between men and women, among women, among men, between adults and children, and among children. The use of power affects all human relationships. Power means having mechanisms of coercion or resources that have importance for other people and their freedom and the right to making decisions regarding the distribution of the resources. Violence begins with abuse of pow-er – when power is used for the purpose of domination, when it is imposed as obligation, restraint or pro-hibition. Gender-based violence is most often manifestation of the historical inequality between men and women. The roots are deep – the distribution of power between the genders made according to physical strength in the beginnings of civilization persists in spite of social changes. Prevention of gender-based vio-lence thus means prevention of power abuse, that is, promotion of maturity of society
