摘要：In the last few decades the media has played a vital role in liberating colonized nations and those under autocratic forms of governance. The oppression of the state leads to the creation of alternative forms of representation; the literature that comes out of the oppressive regimes not only highlights the facts that exist in society but also encourages the people to participate in the resistance. The printing press of Gutenberg was put into use by the revolutionaries in the French revolution, giving a new role and direction to the media. The various political and social movements that happened after the Indian independence in various parts of the country have indeed helped the growth of media, specially the non-Hindi and English print media during the emergency period. Today the political and social movements are once again increasingly vulnerable to the political, religious and corporate groups. People continue to resist the oppression of the state and express their concerns from alternative sites of media, especially with the New Media. However, we are again entering a phase in human history when knowledge and information are in the process of being monopolized.
关键词：Non-Hindi; Non-English; New Media; Public Sphere; Media Ecology; Media Environments
