摘要：During the 20 years following the fall of communism, Estonia faced turbulent times as they declared independence and gained recognition both politically and economically. To understand characteristics of leaders during these turbulent times, two leadership surveys were carried out in Estonia in 2001 and 2003, evaluating actual leader behavior and desirable leader behavior, respectively. The methodology of the surveys used the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness (GLOBE) research program, a worldwide, multi-phase and multi-method project. The results showed Estonians expect their leaders to be charismatic - value based-team oriented and participative; the leaders are not expected to be humane, self-protective and autonomous. The leaders' actual behaviors were considered charismatic - value based and team oriented, but not participative and too autonomous. This paper concentrates on the qualitative part of the research and on analyzing the interviews with the leaders of that era.
