摘要：Two major problems have been encountered by both host and adjacent municipalities of the establishment of large-scale resource industry. First, the projected benefits from new jobs, business opportunities and retail sales are usually much greater than those eventually realized. These lower multiplier effects occur particularly because of leakages (Summers, Beck and Snipp 1979; Leistritz et al. 1982; Shaffer 1979; Ironside and Mellor 1974). Second, municipalities may not obtain a net increase in municipal finances. The cost of the extra services and infrastructure required, as weil as any tax breaks for the company, may not be covered by increased tax revenues (Garrison 1971; Barlow 1981; Murray and Weber 1982). This problem may be especially evident in municipalities adjacent to the industry location since these municipalities do not receive direct tax revenues but they house the workers. Conversely, in those cases where the municipality which hosts the industry does not at the same time host its workers, it may gain a significant tax windfall.
