摘要：It is natural for someone looking in on a foreign culture from the outside to interpret what they seeand frame their reactions based on their own background and assumptions. With cultures as adifferent as those of the Middle East and the West, the potential for blunders increases dramatically,made worse by the high political, diplomatic, military, and commercial stakes involved. Leadershipculture in this region has been shaped over centuries through a variety of factors, such as reputation,family, and religion, which continue to influence decision making. The present study posits that anunderstanding of these factors and how they work is crucial for intelligence analysts, policy anddecision makers, strategists, and scholars who must find their way through a very unfamiliar culturallandscape in the Middle East. It is hoped that this discussion will in some way assist in the creation ofmore effective interaction, policies, and analysis associated with the Middle East
